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Essay on Agriculture UPSC
Farming in India dates back to the Indus Valley civilization about 4700 BCE (Before the Criest Era). Previously our ancestors were nomads who relied on hunting to feed themselves but gradually settled down in some areas and began farming to provide and maintain a site that could be used for years to meet their food needs during times of famine. How agriculture has evolved over time in our country so far. The following article will highlight and show some organizations to help India's agricultural sector grow.
To begin with, agricultural activities have been played by Indians for a long time, and the result is also significant to the national GDP. With more than 70% of the population living in rural areas, people who depend on income and livelihoods are engaged in agricultural activities in a developing country. India. India has been an agrarian country since time immemorial. Over time, it seems to depend less on the emergence of secondary and tertiary institutions. It is ironic that as India seeks the economic ladder in terms of GDP, the contribution to GDP from the agricultural community has shown a decline due to specific rates set in future categories.
India is home to more than 160 million hectares of agricultural land, the second largest in the world after the USA. Farmers, especially in rural India, subsist on farming, and as a result, they receive bread and butter. Although the impact on the agricultural sector is enormous, it has been declining over the last few decades. With more than 50% of Indians still earning a living from agriculture, GDP accounts for only 17% of it for the following reasons. Notwithstanding the success of satisfying grain cereals as a result of the Green Revolution brought to India long ago by M.S. Swaminathan, using HYV (High yields) and fertilizers, pesticides, and pesticides to kill pests that are harmful to health on farms leads to polluting soil fertility.
As a result, over time, the impact from the agricultural sector has not yet reached the level as recently conducted by the Department of Agriculture. In addition, poor road infrastructure and the unavailability of recreational areas in rural India lead to a toxic effect as they can be relocated to cooperative communities quickly. Therefore, despite having a good harvest for the above reasons, India does not meet food needs and instead relies on foreign imports. In addition, climate change has been a significant factor in agriculture in India for a long time. Due to the unavailability of water storage facilities in some drought-stricken areas. India's N-W border does not get much rain due to the environment so much, so you have to really buy goods from neighboring provinces, leading to rising commodity prices.
Apart from this, the poor people in the rural areas do not have much money and debt to farm and produce many cash crops. Therefore, they need to borrow money from suppliers, which allows them to get into debt sometimes when the annual rainfall is insufficient, and the result as they rely on rain to get a harvest.
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After discussing the many problems facing Indian farmers described above, however, the many efforts taken by the government and self-governing groups (SHGs-Self Help Groups) have helped farmers produce more crops and, as a result, India. Became a competitor in the international market. The wetlands of Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh have seen dramatic changes in the production of Pulses, sorghum, oats, and non-food crops due to the Green revolution brought to India to improve independence. In the international market, as before, the British colony has imposed strict rules and regulations among Indian farmers and made land reforms to earn more money in Indian agriculture.
As a result, the Jaguar, Jotedars, and Zamindars took much of the impact, which led to Indian farmers having a few crops to support their families. Still, after independence, all land reform was eliminated. Many new regulations are being introduced in the agricultural sector. Thanks to LPG (Freedom, Privacy, and Global Cooperation), the Indian economy has had the opportunity to compete with the global economy. Therefore, much of the crop is exported and acquires crop residues in cash crops such as Tea, coffee, and other beverages and cereals such as wheat, rice, and corn. In addition, thanks to the India Meteorological Department (IMD) forecasting the weather before planting, farmers are determined to farm more efficiently, and crop damage can be reduced. Self-help groups help farmers produce more products in rural India, where banks provide cheap loans to farmers.
